Simple Present

SIMPLE PRESENT

 A.     Simple Present

       True in the present

1)      He work on wall street

2)      She is sixty years old

3)      We live in new york

·                   Future timetables/schedules

1)      My train arrives tomorrow

2)      We fly to paris on Monday

3)      Classes begin next week

·                   General facts/truths

1)      The earth is not flat

2)      The sun rises in the east

3)      Water boils at 100 degrees C

·                    Habits

1)      I always drink coffee at work

2)      She gets up at 7 a.m. every day

3)      They usually eaat dinner at home

    B.      Rules of ’s or es’

Notice: the verb after She, He, It (3rd person singular) has a final -s: talks.

Example:

I had to take only one bus; you had to take two buses. I had to do only one wash; you had to do two washes. I have a splotch on my shirt; you have two splotches. I’m carrying one box; you’re carrying two boxes. I heard one buzz; you heard two buzzes.

     C.      Words ending ‘sh, ch, ss, x, o, and z

-        Sh        (a) push           à        pushes             push

-        Ch        (b) teach          à        teaches            teach

-        Ss         (c) kiss             à        kisses               kiss

-        X          (d) fix               à        fixes                 fix

     D.     for words ending in ‘Y’

(a)    cry          à        cries try          à        tries

(b)   pay         à        pays enjoy      à        enjoys

End of verb      consonnant + -y Spelling           change y to i, add -es

End of verb      constant + -y Spelling           change y to i, add -s

     E.    Rumus Simple Present Tense ( Verbal Sentence)

Ø  Verbal Positive (+): Subject + Verb1/Verb1+s/es + Object
Example:

1)      She speaks English very well. (Dia perempuan berbicara bahasa Inggris dengan lancar)

2)      We always study chemistry twice a week (Kami selalu belajar kimia dua kali seminngu)

3)      He buys a new red car (Dia laki-laki membeli sebuah mobil merah baru)

Ø  Verbal Negative (-): Subject + do/does not +Verb1 + Object
I, They, We Do Not, You, He, She Does Not, It

Example:

1)      She does not speak English very well. (Dia perempuan berbicara bahasa Inggris dengan lancar)

2)      We do not study chemistry twice a week. (Kami tidak belajar kimia dua kali seminngu)

3)      He does not buy a new red car
(Dia laki-laki tidak tidak membeli sebuah mobil merah baru)

Ø  Verbal Interrogative (?): Do/Does + Subject + Verb1 + Object + ?

Example:

1)      Does he speak English very well?. (Apakah dia perempuan berbicara bahasa Inggris dengan lancar?)

2)      Do we always study chemistry twice a week?. (Apakah kami selalu belajar kimia dua kali seminngu?)

3)      Does he buy a new red car?. (Apakah dia laki-laki membeli sebuah mobil merah baru?)

F.      Frequency Adverb With Verb

Frequency	Adverb of Frequency	Example Sentence
100%	always	I always go to bed before 11pm.
90%	usually	I usually have cereal for breakfast.
80%	normally / generally	I normally go to the gym.
70%	often* / frequently	I often surf the internet.
50%	sometimes	I sometimes forget my wife's birthday.
30%	occasionally	I occasionally eat junk food.
10%	seldom	I seldom read the newspaper.
5%	hardly ever / rarely	I hardly ever drink alcohol.
0%	never	I never swim in the sea.

 SUBJECT +       always, usually, normally / generally, often* / frequently, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, hardly ever / rarely, never       + VERB

    Example:

               1)      He is always on time.

               2)      My mother was often at home.

G.     Rumus Simple Present Tense (Nominal)

      Ø  Nominal Positive (+): Subject + Tobe (am, is are) + Object

Example :

1)      I am a singer. (Saya adalah seorang penyayi)

2)      We are teachers. (Kami adalah guru)

3)      You are clever. (Kamu pintar)

4)      He is twelve years old. (Dia laki-laki berumur 12 tahun)

      Ø  Nominal Negative (-): Subject + Tobe (am, is are) +NOT + Object
            Example :

1)      I am not a singer. (Saya bukan seorang penyayi)

2)      We are not teachers. (Kami bukan guru)

3)      You are not clever. (Kamu tidak pintar)

4)      He is not twelve years old. (Dia laki-laki tidak berumur 12 tahun) 

      Ø  Nominal Interrogativee (?): Tobe (am, is are) + Subject + Object + ?
            Example :

1)      Am I a singer? (Apakah saya adalah seorang penyayi?)

2)      Are we teachers? (Apakah kami adalah guru?)

3)      A re you clever? (Apakah kamu pintar?)

4)      Is he twelve years old? (Apakah dia laki-laki berumur 12 tahun?)

H.     Frequency Adverb With to be à tidak ada verb

SUBJECT   +  BE  +  FREQUENCY ADVERB

Tom   +   is  +   always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, rarely, never   + late for class.